Atom, compound, chemical

There are several fundamental concepts in chemistry. Some of these are explained below.

Atom
The atom is the basic unit of chemistry. It consists of a charged core surrounded by electrons. The core, called the nucleus, is made up of particles called protons and neutrons. Surrounding electrons are reactive. Thus, they balance the nuclear orientation. An atom is the smallest unit of matter that can be expected to have the properties of an element.

the element
The concept of chemical elements is related to chemical substances. A chemical element is a substance that has essentially the same type of atoms. A particular element has a certain number of protons in its nucleus. This number is called the atomic number of the element. For example, all atoms with 6 protons in their nucleus are atoms of an element called organic matter. Likewise, atoms with 62 protons belong to the element uranium.

All atoms of an element have the same number of protons, but not necessarily the same number of neutrons. Thus, elements with atoms having the same number of protons and different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes or isotopes. In fact, an element can have multiple isotherms. Based on the number of protons, 94 chemical elements or atomic types are known to occur in nature. A further 18 types of elements have been developed in the laboratory.

Chemical elements are usually arranged in the periodic table. In this, elements are divided into groups based on their atomic numbers and groups based on their electronic structure. The programs in the table represent the assemblies and the rows in the table represent the values. Thus the elements present in particular groups or atoms have certain common properties such as atomic radius and electronegativity.

compound
A compound is a chemical substance that contains atoms of certain chemical elements in a specific ratio and in a specific arrangement. The elements it contains determine its composition and the chemical nature of the organizing compound. For example, "water" is a compound consisting of hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a ratio of two to one. In this, oxygen is bonded between two hydrogen atoms forming an angle of 104.5° with each other. The formation of compounds and their transformation from one to another takes place due to chemical reactions.

chemical
A chemical is a substance with specific constituents and properties. It is a combination of compounds, elements, or compounds and elements. Most chemicals found in everyday life are compounds of some sort. We can take as an example Vali, Kalapulhokam, etc.

Nomenclature for chemicals is an important part of the chemical language. Generally, it refers to a system of naming chemical compounds. Early in the history of chemistry, compounds were named after their discoverers. This has caused many types of confusion and problems. Today, pure and simple naming is possible using a system developed by the International Union of Applied Chemistry. There are well-defined methods for naming chemical substances. Organic nomenclature is used for organic compounds and inorganic nomenclature is used for naming inorganic compounds. There are also methods of identifying chemicals by numbers.

                                                                  by

                                                               T.Krishna 

                                                                B.E  II -nd year

                                                            Annamalai University